Properties of colloids by Particular
Particular produces nanoparticles from materials like
- pure gold, silver, platinum, palladium, iron, copper, or titanium (ignoble metals being subject to oxidization in some media),
- alloys such as nickel-titanium, gold-silver, or platinum-iridium,
- hard ceramics such as tungsten carbide, alpha-corundum, or yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia
... dispersed in water or organic solvents like acetone.
The nanoparticles are ablated from solid state targets (plates, foils, wires) with the required purity or stoichiometry.
The average particle size is in the range of 50 nm and can be reduced down to about 10 nm by further irradiation (see picture on the right). With a polydispersity index below 0.3, colloids by Particular are hydrodynamically monodisperse according to ISO 13321.
The high adsorption efficiency of our nanoparticles (see picture down right) demonstrates their large surface activity, as they can be generated without chemical ligands - a decisive advantage for nanomaterial applications e.g. in biotechnology or catalysis.
The stability of our colloids typically lasts for at least 2 months (in acetone for 1 year) if the bottle is kept closed. Zeta potentials have typical values between -40 and -90 mV and thus demonstrate a superior particle charge. The typical mechanism of stabilization is thus electrostatic (if required, even without any additives). Alternatively, electrosterical or sterical stabilization is available.
Typical concentrations of the colloids are around 10 to 100 mg/l, even 1 g/l is possible. Dispersions with concentrations in the percent range are only achievable by sterical stabilization and have only been shown on a lab scale.
Available lot sizes can reach the liter or gram scale. For low concentrations (10 to 50 mg/l), Particular has production capacities of up to 100 liters per week. For higher concentrations, a respective up-scaling is possible.
The following data will be delivered with every shipment:
- mass fraction of the nanoparticles,
- hydrodynamic size distribution (by DLS),
- zeta potential (indicating electrostatic stability),
- on inquiry: SEM picture (extra charge of 100 Euro).
Please download our nanoparticle catalogue and our order sheet or contact us to discuss your individual requirements.